US PLAN DIVIDED INTO FOUR PHASES
According to the plan, Phase 1 would require Lebanon’s government to issue a formal decree within 15 days pledging to fully disarm Hezbollah by Dec 31, 2025. In parallel, Israel would halt all military operations by land, air and sea.
Phase 2, which would begin within 60 days, calls for Lebanon to begin implementing a disarmament programme, including a Lebanese army deployment plan to take control of all weapons under state authority. Israel would begin withdrawing from positions in the south and release Lebanese prisoners in coordination with the International Committee of the Red Cross.
Phase 3, set for 90 days from the start of the plan, would see Israel complete its withdrawal from the remaining two positions it holds. This phase would also initiate rubble removal and infrastructure repairs in Lebanon as preparation for post-conflict reconstruction.
In Phase 4, by Day 120, Hezbollah’s remaining heavy weapons, including drones and missile systems, would be dismantled. That phase would also feature the launch of an international economic conference co-hosted by the United States, Saudi Arabia, France, Qatar and other allies.
The conference would aim to revive Lebanon’s battered economy and implement what the document calls “President Trump’s vision for the return of Lebanon as a prosperous and viable country”.
CEASEFIRE FRAGILITY PROMPTS URGENCY
The US proposal seeks to reinforce and stabilise a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Lebanon brokered in November, after major hostilities between Israeli forces and Hezbollah.
“The urgency of this proposal is underscored by the increasing number of complaints regarding Israeli violations of the current ceasefire, including airstrikes and cross-border operations, which risk triggering a collapse of the fragile status quo,” the proposal reads.
Israel’s offensive last year inflicted major losses on Hezbollah after the group launched attacks across the border in October 2023 in support of Hamas at the outset of the Gaza war. The conflict escalated rapidly, with Israel and Hezbollah engaging in their most intense exchanges since the 2006 war.
The Lebanese government has so far taken a cautious position, endorsing only the stated goals of the proposal without agreeing to a timeline or enforcement mechanism.
